During the manufacturing process, several undesired issues may occur with adhesive surfaces, such as joints failing to achieve maximum bonding strength, adhesives not penetrating the surface, or even surface corrosion after bonding. What causes these problems?

If the issue does not stem from the quality of the adhesive material itself, another key reason could be insufficient surface preparation. Residual contaminants such as dust may remain on the surface, causing the adhesive to bond to the dirt layer instead of directly adhering to the substrate, which results in a weak joint.

Another common phenomenon is poor adhesive wetting on the surface. This occurs when the surface energy of the substrate is lower than the surface tension of the adhesive, preventing the adhesive from spreading evenly. Instead, it beads up like water droplets, reducing the effective contact area between the adhesive and the surface.